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This is a microscopic procedure, in which a sperm is injected in to the cytoplasm of one egg, using micro injection needle with the help of micromanipulators under inverted microscopes with X 400 magnification. The main advantage of the Method is that, it needs only very few sperms equivalent with the number of eggs obtained. This stands as the first line of treatment in extreme male infertility like severe Oligospermia, asthenospermia and elder women with very less eggs, etc. Surgically extracted few sperms are ideally used for this procedure in males who are otherwise Azoospermic (nil sperms in the ejaculate).
SURGICAL SPERM EXTRACTION : This is done when there is no sperms in the ejaculate. Very few live sperms or spermatids (younger sperms) could also help in doing ICSI and getting babies. Methods explained as below are done according to the need of the male partner.
1. MESA : Micro Epididymal Sperm Aspiration, using microscopic equipment and microsurgical procedures, few sperms could be extracted by this. When IVF is planned later in a convenient time, these sperms could be preserved by cryopreservation.
2. PESA : Percutaneous Sperm Aspiration, is done in place of MESA in few centres.
3. MICRO – TESE : Testicular Sperm Extraction method will extract sperms from the testes directly. Even if few Spermatids (younger sperm cells) are extracted this will serve the purpose of fertilization in ICSI procedure.
